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排序方式: 共有155条查询结果,搜索用时 284 毫秒
11.
Palladium‐Catalysed Direct Cross‐Coupling of Organolithium Reagents with Aryl and Vinyl Triflates 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Carlos Vila Dr. Valentín Hornillos Massimo Giannerini Dr. Martín Fañanás‐Mastral Prof. Dr. Ben L. Feringa 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(41):13078-13083
A palladium‐catalysed cross‐coupling of organolithium reagents with aryl and vinyl triflates is presented. The reaction proceeds at 50 or 70 °C with short reaction times, and the corresponding products are obtained with moderate to high yields, with a variety of alkyl and (hetero)aryl lithium reagents. 相似文献
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The objective of this work is to find relations between adherence and friction behaviors of elastomer networks. The chosen approach is based on the parallel study of the initial molecular weight (i.e., the degree of cross-linking) dependence of both adherence and friction. The polymers used are cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the substrate is a smooth glass plate. The experimental procedure uses both friction (pin on disk tribometer) and adhesion (tack test) measurements, associated with surface analysis and mechanical and rheological characterizations. Tack results show that high molecular weight PDMS exhibits the greater adherence energy. This can be explained by the role of both chain length and free and pendant chains: more numerous and longer free chains favor the substrate wetting (at a molecular scale) and increases the energy dissipation during separation (extraction and reptation mechanisms). However, friction results indicate a higher friction resistance for low molecular weight PDMS. This result could be quite surprising. An explanation based on interfacial sliding properties of free and pendant chains can be proposed. Elsewhere, for the lower molecular weight polymer, elastic contact present during friction is able to act as a forced wetting, constraining the network and consequently leading to a greater energy dissipation. 相似文献
14.
Federico Ferreres David M. Pereira Patrícia Valentão Paula B. Andrade 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2010,24(6):801-806
Apicultural products have been widely used in diet complements as well as in phytotherapy. Bee pollen from Echium plantagineum was analysed by high‐performance liquid chromatography/photodiode‐array detection coupled to ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC‐PAD‐MSn) with an electrospray ionisation interface. The structures have been determined by the study of the ion mass fragmentation, which characterises the interglycosidic linkage in glycosylated flavonoids and differentiates positional isomers. Twelve non‐coloured flavonoids were characterised, being kaempferol‐3‐O‐neohesperidoside the major compound, besides others in trace amounts. These include quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin glycosides, with several of them being isomers. Acetylated derivatives are also described. This is the first time that non‐coloured flavonoids are reported from this pollen, with MS fragmentation proving to be most useful in the elucidation of isomeric structures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Gallardo J. Galliano P. Moreno R. Durán A. 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2000,19(1-3):107-111
Sol-gel materials have been proposed in last years for clinical applications. In this work, bioactive sol-gel coatings were prepared from suspensions of up to 25% wt. of bioactive glass (CaO·SiO2·P2O5) particles in a hybrid sol obtained from TEOS and MTES. Thick dip-coatings showed in vitro bioactivity after a few days, but glass-particles dissolution promotes a slight reduction in the corrosion resistance. In order to overpass this problem, a two-stage sol-gel coating system that includes a first SiO2 hybrid film, acting as barrier against corrosion, and an external bioactive layer from glass particle suspension is proposed. The obtained samples revealed significant improvement in their electrochemical behaviour, and showed in vitro bioactivity. 相似文献
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Mayté Paredes Zaldivar Norma Galego Fernández Cristina Gastón Peña Manuel Rapado Paneque Sonia Altanés Valentín 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2011,106(3):725-730
A new polyacrylic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel, the s-IPN/PAA-PHB, was prepared
by a gamma radiation-induced polymerization. Thermal behavior was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and Differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), while the s-IPNs composition, FTIR spectra, and swelling kinetics were also determined. It was
found that the DSC curve showed a melting point which is attributed to polyhydroxybutyrate. The TG curves showed various stages
of degradation which are in correspondence of the presence of crosslinked polyacrylic acid and confirmed the higher thermal
stability of the polymer network. The s-IPN/PAA-PHB composition was 10% of PHB and 90% of PAA. Moreover, the network reached
approximately 600% of swelling in water, so it behaves like a superabsorbent hydrogel. 相似文献
18.
K.?T.?HollandEmail author A.?W.?Green A.?Abelev P.?J.?Valent 《Experiments in fluids》2004,37(5):690-700
A methodology to observe the motions of large cylinders falling freely at large (~106) Reynolds numbers using a stereometric, high-speed video technique is presented. Parameter variation in length, weight, center of mass, and nose shape combined with changes in release height and initial inclination angle were used to estimate the influence of net drag forces on six cylinder bodies. Cylinders with coincident centers of volume and mass typically assumed body orientations with the major axis aligned normal to the path of descent indicating that buoyancy forces and turbulent drag balanced the inertia of the body and displaced water. Displacement of the center of mass resulted in more vertical orientations and more complex motions. Abrupt changes in position, orientation, and velocity were also observed when air-dropped cylinders separated from a trapped cloud of bubbles signifying the onset of less predictable behaviors. 相似文献
19.
Ferreres F Taveira M Gil-Izquierdo A Oliveira L Teixeira T Valentão P Simões N Andrade PB 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2011,25(14):1972-1980
High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-electrospray ionization multi-stage mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n)) is considered to be a very valuable tool for the characterization of compounds found in trace amounts in natural matrices, as their previous isolation and clean-up steps can be avoided. Micro-scale separation increases the potential of this analytical technique, allowing the determination of compounds in reduced samples. Spodoptera littoralis represents a major challenge to Solanaceae plants, as it is one of the most deleterious pests. The S. littoralis/Lycopersicon esculentum system was studied for the first time concerning glycoalkaloids and phenolics. Using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) we were able to characterize 15 phenolic compounds in L. esculentum leaves. Nine of them are reported for the first time. Some differences were found between leaves of cerasiforme and 'Bull's heart' varieties. However, in the materials of S. littoralis (larvae, adults, exuviae and excrements) reared in both L. esculentum leaves no phenolics were identified. α-Tomatine was the main glycoalkaloid in the host plant. The glycoalkaloid composition of the different S. littoralis materials was distinct, with α-tomatine and dehydrotomatine being the main detected compounds in larvae and excrements. These results add knowledge to the ecological interaction in this insect/plant duo, for which it is hard to obtain considerable sample amounts. 相似文献
20.
Precise dipolar coupling constant distribution analysis in proton multiple-quantum NMR of elastomers
Chassé W López Valentín J Genesky GD Cohen C Saalwächter K 《The Journal of chemical physics》2011,134(4):044907
In this work we present an improved approach for the analysis of (1)H double-quantum nuclear magnetic resonance build-up data, mainly for the determination of residual dipolar coupling constants and distributions thereof in polymer gels and elastomers, yielding information on crosslink density and potential spatial inhomogeneities. We introduce a new generic build-up function, for use as component fitting function in linear superpositions, or as kernel function in fast Tikhonov regularization (ftikreg). As opposed to the previously used inverted Gaussian build-up function based on a second-moment approximation, this method yields faithful coupling constant distributions, as limitations on the fitting limit are now lifted. A robust method for the proper estimation of the error parameter used for the regularization is established, and the approach is demonstrated for different inhomogeneous elastomers with coupling constant distributions. 相似文献